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Giovanni Boccamazza : ウィキペディア英語版 | Giovanni Boccamazza Giovanni Boccamazza〔Boccamiti; John of Tusculum (Tusculum being the same as Frascati), a name also applying to Antipope Benedict X.〕 (died 1309) was an Italian Cardinal. He was from the Roman nobility, related to the Savelli〔:it:Savelli (famiglia)〕 family and was a nephew of Pope Honorius IV. He was made bishop of Monreale, near Palermo, in 1278, and was there at the time of the Sicilian Vespers (1282). After fleeing Sicily.,〔Steven Runciman, ''The Sicilian Vespers''.〕 he was made cardinal-bishop of Frascati on 22 December in 1285,〔(The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Consistories of the 13th Century )〕 by Honorius IV. He was then sent as a papal legate to northern Europe. He attended the significant synod of March 1287 in Würzburg, considered as a German national council.〔(CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Hermann of Minden )〕 He participated in five papal conclaves, which saw the elections of popes Nicholas IV in 1288, Celestine V in 1294, Boniface VIII in 1294, Benedict XI in 1303 and Clement V in 1305. He became dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals in 1302. ==Notes==
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